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Insertion of a two-dimensional defect in a self-assembled three-dimensional colloidal crystal

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Abstract

Crystals with three-dimensional periodicities in the refractive index have a photonic band gap in which electromagnetic waves are forbidden. We present a method to fabricate stacked colloidal crystals containing a two-dimensional defect as middle layer by combining the vertical deposition and the Langmuir-Blodgett self-assembly techniques. The defect layer introduces an impurity mode within the optical stop band. This is observed as a defect band or a pass band in the band gap. The result shows that the combination of these two self-assembly techniques provides a new way for introducing low-dimensional defects in photonic crystals.

© 2003 Optical Society of America

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