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Ultra-small photonic crystal active devices

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Abstract

To realize the thresholdless laser, one needs to find a resonant cavity that is both small and lossless. The concept of photonic bandgap is best suited for these purposes because they provide us with means to realize wavelength-scale cavities having high Q-factors. The first demonstration of unit-cell two-dimensional photonic crystal laser was made from the triangular lattice air-slab structure by Caltech group. To lift the degeneracy of the dipole mode, they introduced intentional asymmetry into the cavity structure. However, it could be advantageous to use a cavity mode that is inherently nondegenerate. In this case, more natural and efficient coupling with that sole mode is expected. One example of this genuine nondegenerate mode is the monopole mode. If one modifies the six nearest holes, this nondegenerate monopole mode can be pulled down into the photonic band gap from the air band of a 2D slab triangular lattice. We demonstrated the 2-D triangular PBG laser working in this monopole mode[1]. It is confirmed from the computer simulation that the introduction of a small post in the middle of the resonator does not introduce appreciable optical losses and therefore does not degrade the quality factor of the cavity appreciably. In other words, this middle post can be used as a wire through which electrical current can be supplied.

© 2003 Optical Society of America

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