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Electrostatic self-assembly of nonlinear optical waveguides with minimal surface roughness

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Abstract

Electrostatic self-assembly (ESA) is a technique for fabricating thin films by sequential adsorption of cationic and anionic molecular species onto a solid substrate. The advantage of this process lies in the use of various species to form structures with tailored macroscopic nonlinear optical properties, for example. However, some molecules, which exhibit large nonlinear optical properties, tend to exhibit significant surface roughness. In this work, larger number of bilayers were achieved by alternating the use of polymers that form highly nonlinear but rough structures with the use of polymers that are not as nonlinear but yield significantly less surface roughness. UV-visible spectroscopy, Maker fringe, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used for characterization.

© 2003 Optical Society of America

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