Abstract
Nanobiophotonics is a new area of optical science and engineering which utilizes optical functions, built on a nanostructure, for medical diagnostics, optical biosensing, laser tissue engineering, and light activated therapy [1,2]. A major opportunity is created by the use of nanostructures to manipulate the optical resonances and excitations dynamics which provide novel modalities for optical imaging and light controlled therapy. Nanobiophotonics forms a major research thrust of our program. At the fundamental level, our program in this field involves the study of light activated processes at both cellular and tissue levels. Optical imaging using nanoprobes is used to study structure, dynamics and functions both at cellular and tissue levels. An important aspect of our program is the use of nonlinear optical processes, such as second harmonic generation, sum frequency generation, two-photon excitation and coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering (CARS). CARS provides a powerful method for molecular imaging by using Raman vibration as a specific biomarker. We have developed novel two-photon nanoprobes; water dispersible and surface functionalized quantum dots; and up-converting rare-earth containing nanoparticles, as well as Raman nanoprobes for multispectral bioimaging. High resolution optical imaging methods using both fluorescence and Raman scattering can be used to probe intracellular distribution of molecular events that are early signatures of a disease, or which indicate a cell response to specific stimuli (e.g. drug response). This multimodal imaging capability of fluorescent or Raman active nanoparticles can then be specifically targeted to tumor tissues for further assessment of drug efficacy.
© 2007 Optical Society of America
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