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Optical fiber sensor technology

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Abstract

Optical fiber sensor development has matured to the point where the impact of this new technology is now evident. Fiber sensors offer a number of advantages: increased sensitivity over existing techniques; geometric versatility in that fiber sensors can be configured in arbitrary shapes; a common technology base from which devices to sense various physical perturbations (acoustic, magnetic, temperature, rotation, etc.) can be constructed; dielectric construction that can be used in high voltage, electrically noisy, high temperature, corrosive, or other stressing environments; and inherent compatibility with optical fiber telemetry technology. Progress in demonstrating these advantages has been substantial in the past few years with over 60 different sensor types being developed. This large number of individual devices is usually categorized into amplitude or phase (interferometric) sensors. In the former case, the physical perturbation interacts with the fiber or some device attached to the fiber to modulate directly the intensity of the light in the fiber.

© 1982 Optical Society of America

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