Photorefractive Fe:LiNbO<sub>3</sub> crystal thin plates for optical information processing

Shiuan Huei Lin; Mei Li Hsieh; Ken Yuh Hsu; Tai Chiung Hsieh; Sheuan-Perng Lin; Tung-Sheng Yeh; Long-Jang Hu; Chin-Hwa Lin; Hong Chang

doi:10.1364/JOSAB.16.001112

Photorefractive Fe:LiNbO₃ crystal thin plates for optical information processing

Shiuan Huei Lin, Mei Li Hsieh, Ken Yuh Hsu, Tai Chiung Hsieh, Sheuan-Perng Lin, Tung-Sheng Yeh, Long-Jang Hu, Chin-Hwa Lin, and Hong Chang

Journal of the Optical Society of America B
Vol. 16,
Issue 7,
pp. 1112-1119
(1999)
•https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.16.001112

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Shiuan Huei Lin, Mei Li Hsieh, Ken Yuh Hsu, Tai Chiung Hsieh, Sheuan-Perng Lin, Tung-Sheng Yeh, Long-Jang Hu, Chin-Hwa Lin, and Hong Chang, "Photorefractive Fe:LiNbO₃ crystal thin plates for optical information processing," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 16, 1112-1119 (1999)

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Optics & Photonics Topics
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The topics in this list come from the OSA Optics and Photonics Topics applied to this article.
Previously assigned OCIS codes
- Correlators (100.4550)
- Pattern recognition (100.5010)
- Lithium niobate (160.3730)
- Photorefractive materials (160.5320)
- Photorefractive optics (190.5330)
- Information processing (200.3050)

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History
- Original Manuscript: November 16, 1998
- Revised Manuscript: March 22, 1999
- Published: July 1, 1999

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Abstract

The effects of the donor acceptor concentration ratio in iron-doped lithium niobate $(Fe : {LiNbO}_{3})$ crystal plates on photorefractive response time and on grating diffraction efficiency are studied both theoretically and experimentally. The results provide a useful guide for designing photorefractive plates for optical information-processing applications. Two devices for real-time image recognition have been demonstrated: a photorefractive joint-transform correlator and a VanderLugt correlator. The former emphasizes fast response time, and the latter emphasizes high diffraction efficiency. By appropriate adjustment of the dopant concentration and the ratio of the donor acceptor levels, photorefractive $Fe : {LiNbO}_{3}$ crystals that facilitate specific applications have been designed and fabricated. Shift-invariant image correlations have been achieved.

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Symbol	Meaning	Value
α	Optical absorption coefficient
$E_{SC}$	Space-charge field
$E_{d}$	Diffusion field	$K (k_{B} T / q)$
$E_{q}$	Saturation field	${qN}_{A} / 〈 ∊ 〉 K$
$E_{μ}$	Drift field	$γ N_{A} / 〈 μ 〉 K$
$E_{0}$	External applied field	Zero (in our case)
$N_{D}^{i}$	Ionized donor impurity
$h ν$	Photon energy	2.42 eV
$k_{B}$	Boltzmann Constant	$1.38 \times 10^{- 23}$ J/K
T	Temperature	300 K
q	Electron charge	$1.6 \times 10^{- 19}$ C
K	Grating vector
d	Thickness of the crystal	36 µm
2θ	Angle between two writing beams	4.7°
$I_{1} / I_{0}$	Modulation depth	0.01
γ	Electron-ionized trap recombination rate	$1 \times 10^{- 9} {cm}^{3} / s$
〈μ〉	Effective electron mobility	0.8 ${cm}^{2} / V$ s
s	Cross section for photoexcitation	0.26 ${cm}^{2} / J$
λ	Wavelength of input beam	514.5 nm
$r_{eff}$	Effective electro-optical coefficient	$31 \times 10^{- 12}$ m/V
〈∊〉	Effective dielectric constant	$32 ∊_{0}$

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