Abstract

This paper theoretically investigated type-I optical parametric oscillations (OPOs) in lithium niobate (LN) ellipsoidal microcavities. We calculated the dependence of signal (idler) wavelength on temperature and found that multiple OPO channels are universal phenomenon in LN whispering gallery mode (WGM) microcavities. Additionally, We discovered OPOs in LN WGM microcavities, instead of having a lower-temperature limit, have an upper-temperature limit beyond which no OPO takes place. The dependence of the OPO tuning behaviors on the cavity geometry and pump wavelength was discussed systematically. Our investigations provide new conceptions for OPOs in LN WGM microcavities and may benefit the research on tunable laser sources or high-order entangled photon sources.

© 2018 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement

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  1. V. S. Ilchenko, A. A. Savchenkov, A. B. Matsko, and L. Maleki, “Nonlinear optics and crystalline whispering gallery mode cavities,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 92(4), 043903 (2004).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  2. J. U. Furst, D. V. Strekalov, D. Elser, M. Lassen, U. L. Andersen, C. Marquardt, and G. Leuchs, “Naturally phase-matched second-harmonic generation in a whispering-gallery-mode resonator,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104(15), 153901 (2010).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  3. C. Wang, M. J. Burek, Z. Lin, H. A. Atikian, V. Venkataraman, I. C. Huang, P. Stark, and M. Loncar, “Integrated high quality factor lithium niobate microdisk resonators,” Opt. Express 22(25), 30924–30933 (2014).
    [Crossref]
  4. J. Lin, Y. Xu, J. Ni, M. Wang, Z. Fang, L. Qiao, W. Fang, and Y. Cheng, “Phase-matched second-harmonic generation in an on-chip LiNbO3 microresonator,” Phys. Rev. Appl. 6(1), 014002 (2016).
    [Crossref]
  5. R. Luo, H. W. Jiang, S. Rogers, H. X. Liang, Y. He, and Q. Lin, “On-chip second-harmonic generation and broadband parametric down conversion in a lithium niobate microresonator,” Opt. Express 25(20), 24531–24539 (2017).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  6. J. Moore, J. K. Douglas, I. W. Frank, T. A. Friedmann, R. Camacho, and M. Eichenfield, “Efficient Second Harmonic Generation in Lithium Niobate on Insulator,” in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, OSA Technical Digest) (Optical Society of America, 2016), paper STh3P.1.
    [Crossref]
  7. V. S. Dmitry, S. K. Abijith, H. Yu-Ping, and K. Prem, “Optical sum-frequency generation in a whispering-gallery-mode resonator,” New J. Phys. 16(5), 1–2 (2014).
  8. K. Sasagawa and M. Tsuchiya, “Highly efficient third harmonic generation in a periodically poled MgO: LiNbO3 disk resonator,” Appl. Phys. Express 2, 122401 (2009).
    [Crossref]
  9. S. Liu, Y. Zheng, and X. Chen, “Cascading second-order nonlinear processes in a lithium niobate-on-insulator microdisk,” Opt. Lett. 42(18), 3626–3629 (2017).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  10. Z. Hao, J. Wang, S. Ma, W. Mao, F. Bo, F. Gao, G. Zhang, and J. Xu, “Sum-frequency generation in on-chip lithium niobate microdisk resonators,” Photon. Res. 5(6), 623–628 (2017).
    [Crossref]
  11. J. U. Furst, D. V. Strekalov, D. Elser, A. Aiello, U. L. Andersen, C. Marquardt, and G. Leuchs, “Low-threshold optical parametric oscillations in a whispering gallery mode resonator,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 105(26), 263904 (2010).
    [Crossref]
  12. T. Beckmann, H. Linnenbank, H. Steigerwald, B. Sturman, D. Haertle, K. Buse, and I. Breunig, “Highly tunable low-threshold optical parametric oscillation in radially poled whispering gallery resonators,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 106(14), 143903 (2011).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  13. S. K. Meisenheimer, J. U. Furst, A. Schiller, F. Holderied, K. Buse, and I. Breunig, “Pseudo-type-II tuning behavior and mode identification in whispering gallery optical parametric oscillators,” Opt. Express 24(13), 15137–15142 (2016).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  14. J. Lin, Y. Xu, Z. Fang, M. Wang, J. Song, N. Wang, L. Qiao, W. Fang, and Y. Cheng, “Fabrication of high-Q lithium niobate microresonators using femtosecond laser micromachining,” Sci. Rep. 5, 8072 (2015).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  15. J. Wang, F. Bo, S. Wan, W. Li, F. Gao, J. Li, G. Zhang, and J. Xu, “High-Q lithium niobate microdisk resonators on a chip for efficient electro-optic modulation,” Opt. Express 23(18), 23072–23078 (2015).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]
  16. D. V. Strekalov, A. S. Kowligy, V. G. Velev, G. S. Kanter, P. Kumar, and Y. Huang, “Phase matching for the optical frequency conversion processes in whispering gallery mode resonators,” J. Mod. Opt. 63(1), 1–14 (2016).
    [Crossref]
  17. M. L. Gorodetsky and A. E. Fomin, “Geometrical theory of whispering-gallery modes,” IEEE. J. Sel. Top. Quant. 12(1), 33–39 (2005).
    [Crossref]
  18. U. Schlarb and K. Betzler, “Influence of the defect structure on the refractive indices of undoped and Mg-doped lithium niobate,” Phys. Rev. B 50(2), 751–757 (1994).
    [Crossref]
  19. M. Leidinger, S. Fieberg, N. Waasem, F. Kuhnemann, K. Buse, and I. Breunig, “Comparative study on three highly sensitive absorption measurement techniques characterizing lithium niobate over its entire transparent spectral range,” Opt. Express 23(17), 21690–21705 (2015).
    [Crossref] [PubMed]

2017 (3)

2016 (3)

J. Lin, Y. Xu, J. Ni, M. Wang, Z. Fang, L. Qiao, W. Fang, and Y. Cheng, “Phase-matched second-harmonic generation in an on-chip LiNbO3 microresonator,” Phys. Rev. Appl. 6(1), 014002 (2016).
[Crossref]

S. K. Meisenheimer, J. U. Furst, A. Schiller, F. Holderied, K. Buse, and I. Breunig, “Pseudo-type-II tuning behavior and mode identification in whispering gallery optical parametric oscillators,” Opt. Express 24(13), 15137–15142 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

D. V. Strekalov, A. S. Kowligy, V. G. Velev, G. S. Kanter, P. Kumar, and Y. Huang, “Phase matching for the optical frequency conversion processes in whispering gallery mode resonators,” J. Mod. Opt. 63(1), 1–14 (2016).
[Crossref]

2015 (3)

2014 (2)

C. Wang, M. J. Burek, Z. Lin, H. A. Atikian, V. Venkataraman, I. C. Huang, P. Stark, and M. Loncar, “Integrated high quality factor lithium niobate microdisk resonators,” Opt. Express 22(25), 30924–30933 (2014).
[Crossref]

V. S. Dmitry, S. K. Abijith, H. Yu-Ping, and K. Prem, “Optical sum-frequency generation in a whispering-gallery-mode resonator,” New J. Phys. 16(5), 1–2 (2014).

2011 (1)

T. Beckmann, H. Linnenbank, H. Steigerwald, B. Sturman, D. Haertle, K. Buse, and I. Breunig, “Highly tunable low-threshold optical parametric oscillation in radially poled whispering gallery resonators,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 106(14), 143903 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2010 (2)

J. U. Furst, D. V. Strekalov, D. Elser, A. Aiello, U. L. Andersen, C. Marquardt, and G. Leuchs, “Low-threshold optical parametric oscillations in a whispering gallery mode resonator,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 105(26), 263904 (2010).
[Crossref]

J. U. Furst, D. V. Strekalov, D. Elser, M. Lassen, U. L. Andersen, C. Marquardt, and G. Leuchs, “Naturally phase-matched second-harmonic generation in a whispering-gallery-mode resonator,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104(15), 153901 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

2009 (1)

K. Sasagawa and M. Tsuchiya, “Highly efficient third harmonic generation in a periodically poled MgO: LiNbO3 disk resonator,” Appl. Phys. Express 2, 122401 (2009).
[Crossref]

2005 (1)

M. L. Gorodetsky and A. E. Fomin, “Geometrical theory of whispering-gallery modes,” IEEE. J. Sel. Top. Quant. 12(1), 33–39 (2005).
[Crossref]

2004 (1)

V. S. Ilchenko, A. A. Savchenkov, A. B. Matsko, and L. Maleki, “Nonlinear optics and crystalline whispering gallery mode cavities,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 92(4), 043903 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

1994 (1)

U. Schlarb and K. Betzler, “Influence of the defect structure on the refractive indices of undoped and Mg-doped lithium niobate,” Phys. Rev. B 50(2), 751–757 (1994).
[Crossref]

Abijith, S. K.

V. S. Dmitry, S. K. Abijith, H. Yu-Ping, and K. Prem, “Optical sum-frequency generation in a whispering-gallery-mode resonator,” New J. Phys. 16(5), 1–2 (2014).

Aiello, A.

J. U. Furst, D. V. Strekalov, D. Elser, A. Aiello, U. L. Andersen, C. Marquardt, and G. Leuchs, “Low-threshold optical parametric oscillations in a whispering gallery mode resonator,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 105(26), 263904 (2010).
[Crossref]

Andersen, U. L.

J. U. Furst, D. V. Strekalov, D. Elser, A. Aiello, U. L. Andersen, C. Marquardt, and G. Leuchs, “Low-threshold optical parametric oscillations in a whispering gallery mode resonator,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 105(26), 263904 (2010).
[Crossref]

J. U. Furst, D. V. Strekalov, D. Elser, M. Lassen, U. L. Andersen, C. Marquardt, and G. Leuchs, “Naturally phase-matched second-harmonic generation in a whispering-gallery-mode resonator,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104(15), 153901 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Atikian, H. A.

Beckmann, T.

T. Beckmann, H. Linnenbank, H. Steigerwald, B. Sturman, D. Haertle, K. Buse, and I. Breunig, “Highly tunable low-threshold optical parametric oscillation in radially poled whispering gallery resonators,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 106(14), 143903 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Betzler, K.

U. Schlarb and K. Betzler, “Influence of the defect structure on the refractive indices of undoped and Mg-doped lithium niobate,” Phys. Rev. B 50(2), 751–757 (1994).
[Crossref]

Bo, F.

Breunig, I.

Burek, M. J.

Buse, K.

Camacho, R.

J. Moore, J. K. Douglas, I. W. Frank, T. A. Friedmann, R. Camacho, and M. Eichenfield, “Efficient Second Harmonic Generation in Lithium Niobate on Insulator,” in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, OSA Technical Digest) (Optical Society of America, 2016), paper STh3P.1.
[Crossref]

Chen, X.

Cheng, Y.

J. Lin, Y. Xu, J. Ni, M. Wang, Z. Fang, L. Qiao, W. Fang, and Y. Cheng, “Phase-matched second-harmonic generation in an on-chip LiNbO3 microresonator,” Phys. Rev. Appl. 6(1), 014002 (2016).
[Crossref]

J. Lin, Y. Xu, Z. Fang, M. Wang, J. Song, N. Wang, L. Qiao, W. Fang, and Y. Cheng, “Fabrication of high-Q lithium niobate microresonators using femtosecond laser micromachining,” Sci. Rep. 5, 8072 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Dmitry, V. S.

V. S. Dmitry, S. K. Abijith, H. Yu-Ping, and K. Prem, “Optical sum-frequency generation in a whispering-gallery-mode resonator,” New J. Phys. 16(5), 1–2 (2014).

Douglas, J. K.

J. Moore, J. K. Douglas, I. W. Frank, T. A. Friedmann, R. Camacho, and M. Eichenfield, “Efficient Second Harmonic Generation in Lithium Niobate on Insulator,” in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, OSA Technical Digest) (Optical Society of America, 2016), paper STh3P.1.
[Crossref]

Eichenfield, M.

J. Moore, J. K. Douglas, I. W. Frank, T. A. Friedmann, R. Camacho, and M. Eichenfield, “Efficient Second Harmonic Generation in Lithium Niobate on Insulator,” in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, OSA Technical Digest) (Optical Society of America, 2016), paper STh3P.1.
[Crossref]

Elser, D.

J. U. Furst, D. V. Strekalov, D. Elser, A. Aiello, U. L. Andersen, C. Marquardt, and G. Leuchs, “Low-threshold optical parametric oscillations in a whispering gallery mode resonator,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 105(26), 263904 (2010).
[Crossref]

J. U. Furst, D. V. Strekalov, D. Elser, M. Lassen, U. L. Andersen, C. Marquardt, and G. Leuchs, “Naturally phase-matched second-harmonic generation in a whispering-gallery-mode resonator,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104(15), 153901 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Fang, W.

J. Lin, Y. Xu, J. Ni, M. Wang, Z. Fang, L. Qiao, W. Fang, and Y. Cheng, “Phase-matched second-harmonic generation in an on-chip LiNbO3 microresonator,” Phys. Rev. Appl. 6(1), 014002 (2016).
[Crossref]

J. Lin, Y. Xu, Z. Fang, M. Wang, J. Song, N. Wang, L. Qiao, W. Fang, and Y. Cheng, “Fabrication of high-Q lithium niobate microresonators using femtosecond laser micromachining,” Sci. Rep. 5, 8072 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Fang, Z.

J. Lin, Y. Xu, J. Ni, M. Wang, Z. Fang, L. Qiao, W. Fang, and Y. Cheng, “Phase-matched second-harmonic generation in an on-chip LiNbO3 microresonator,” Phys. Rev. Appl. 6(1), 014002 (2016).
[Crossref]

J. Lin, Y. Xu, Z. Fang, M. Wang, J. Song, N. Wang, L. Qiao, W. Fang, and Y. Cheng, “Fabrication of high-Q lithium niobate microresonators using femtosecond laser micromachining,” Sci. Rep. 5, 8072 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Fieberg, S.

Fomin, A. E.

M. L. Gorodetsky and A. E. Fomin, “Geometrical theory of whispering-gallery modes,” IEEE. J. Sel. Top. Quant. 12(1), 33–39 (2005).
[Crossref]

Frank, I. W.

J. Moore, J. K. Douglas, I. W. Frank, T. A. Friedmann, R. Camacho, and M. Eichenfield, “Efficient Second Harmonic Generation in Lithium Niobate on Insulator,” in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, OSA Technical Digest) (Optical Society of America, 2016), paper STh3P.1.
[Crossref]

Friedmann, T. A.

J. Moore, J. K. Douglas, I. W. Frank, T. A. Friedmann, R. Camacho, and M. Eichenfield, “Efficient Second Harmonic Generation in Lithium Niobate on Insulator,” in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, OSA Technical Digest) (Optical Society of America, 2016), paper STh3P.1.
[Crossref]

Furst, J. U.

S. K. Meisenheimer, J. U. Furst, A. Schiller, F. Holderied, K. Buse, and I. Breunig, “Pseudo-type-II tuning behavior and mode identification in whispering gallery optical parametric oscillators,” Opt. Express 24(13), 15137–15142 (2016).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. U. Furst, D. V. Strekalov, D. Elser, A. Aiello, U. L. Andersen, C. Marquardt, and G. Leuchs, “Low-threshold optical parametric oscillations in a whispering gallery mode resonator,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 105(26), 263904 (2010).
[Crossref]

J. U. Furst, D. V. Strekalov, D. Elser, M. Lassen, U. L. Andersen, C. Marquardt, and G. Leuchs, “Naturally phase-matched second-harmonic generation in a whispering-gallery-mode resonator,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104(15), 153901 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Gao, F.

Gorodetsky, M. L.

M. L. Gorodetsky and A. E. Fomin, “Geometrical theory of whispering-gallery modes,” IEEE. J. Sel. Top. Quant. 12(1), 33–39 (2005).
[Crossref]

Haertle, D.

T. Beckmann, H. Linnenbank, H. Steigerwald, B. Sturman, D. Haertle, K. Buse, and I. Breunig, “Highly tunable low-threshold optical parametric oscillation in radially poled whispering gallery resonators,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 106(14), 143903 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Hao, Z.

He, Y.

Holderied, F.

Huang, I. C.

Huang, Y.

D. V. Strekalov, A. S. Kowligy, V. G. Velev, G. S. Kanter, P. Kumar, and Y. Huang, “Phase matching for the optical frequency conversion processes in whispering gallery mode resonators,” J. Mod. Opt. 63(1), 1–14 (2016).
[Crossref]

Ilchenko, V. S.

V. S. Ilchenko, A. A. Savchenkov, A. B. Matsko, and L. Maleki, “Nonlinear optics and crystalline whispering gallery mode cavities,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 92(4), 043903 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Jiang, H. W.

Kanter, G. S.

D. V. Strekalov, A. S. Kowligy, V. G. Velev, G. S. Kanter, P. Kumar, and Y. Huang, “Phase matching for the optical frequency conversion processes in whispering gallery mode resonators,” J. Mod. Opt. 63(1), 1–14 (2016).
[Crossref]

Kowligy, A. S.

D. V. Strekalov, A. S. Kowligy, V. G. Velev, G. S. Kanter, P. Kumar, and Y. Huang, “Phase matching for the optical frequency conversion processes in whispering gallery mode resonators,” J. Mod. Opt. 63(1), 1–14 (2016).
[Crossref]

Kuhnemann, F.

Kumar, P.

D. V. Strekalov, A. S. Kowligy, V. G. Velev, G. S. Kanter, P. Kumar, and Y. Huang, “Phase matching for the optical frequency conversion processes in whispering gallery mode resonators,” J. Mod. Opt. 63(1), 1–14 (2016).
[Crossref]

Lassen, M.

J. U. Furst, D. V. Strekalov, D. Elser, M. Lassen, U. L. Andersen, C. Marquardt, and G. Leuchs, “Naturally phase-matched second-harmonic generation in a whispering-gallery-mode resonator,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104(15), 153901 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Leidinger, M.

Leuchs, G.

J. U. Furst, D. V. Strekalov, D. Elser, M. Lassen, U. L. Andersen, C. Marquardt, and G. Leuchs, “Naturally phase-matched second-harmonic generation in a whispering-gallery-mode resonator,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104(15), 153901 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. U. Furst, D. V. Strekalov, D. Elser, A. Aiello, U. L. Andersen, C. Marquardt, and G. Leuchs, “Low-threshold optical parametric oscillations in a whispering gallery mode resonator,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 105(26), 263904 (2010).
[Crossref]

Li, J.

Li, W.

Liang, H. X.

Lin, J.

J. Lin, Y. Xu, J. Ni, M. Wang, Z. Fang, L. Qiao, W. Fang, and Y. Cheng, “Phase-matched second-harmonic generation in an on-chip LiNbO3 microresonator,” Phys. Rev. Appl. 6(1), 014002 (2016).
[Crossref]

J. Lin, Y. Xu, Z. Fang, M. Wang, J. Song, N. Wang, L. Qiao, W. Fang, and Y. Cheng, “Fabrication of high-Q lithium niobate microresonators using femtosecond laser micromachining,” Sci. Rep. 5, 8072 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Lin, Q.

Lin, Z.

Linnenbank, H.

T. Beckmann, H. Linnenbank, H. Steigerwald, B. Sturman, D. Haertle, K. Buse, and I. Breunig, “Highly tunable low-threshold optical parametric oscillation in radially poled whispering gallery resonators,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 106(14), 143903 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Liu, S.

Loncar, M.

Luo, R.

Ma, S.

Maleki, L.

V. S. Ilchenko, A. A. Savchenkov, A. B. Matsko, and L. Maleki, “Nonlinear optics and crystalline whispering gallery mode cavities,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 92(4), 043903 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Mao, W.

Marquardt, C.

J. U. Furst, D. V. Strekalov, D. Elser, A. Aiello, U. L. Andersen, C. Marquardt, and G. Leuchs, “Low-threshold optical parametric oscillations in a whispering gallery mode resonator,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 105(26), 263904 (2010).
[Crossref]

J. U. Furst, D. V. Strekalov, D. Elser, M. Lassen, U. L. Andersen, C. Marquardt, and G. Leuchs, “Naturally phase-matched second-harmonic generation in a whispering-gallery-mode resonator,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104(15), 153901 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Matsko, A. B.

V. S. Ilchenko, A. A. Savchenkov, A. B. Matsko, and L. Maleki, “Nonlinear optics and crystalline whispering gallery mode cavities,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 92(4), 043903 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Meisenheimer, S. K.

Moore, J.

J. Moore, J. K. Douglas, I. W. Frank, T. A. Friedmann, R. Camacho, and M. Eichenfield, “Efficient Second Harmonic Generation in Lithium Niobate on Insulator,” in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, OSA Technical Digest) (Optical Society of America, 2016), paper STh3P.1.
[Crossref]

Ni, J.

J. Lin, Y. Xu, J. Ni, M. Wang, Z. Fang, L. Qiao, W. Fang, and Y. Cheng, “Phase-matched second-harmonic generation in an on-chip LiNbO3 microresonator,” Phys. Rev. Appl. 6(1), 014002 (2016).
[Crossref]

Prem, K.

V. S. Dmitry, S. K. Abijith, H. Yu-Ping, and K. Prem, “Optical sum-frequency generation in a whispering-gallery-mode resonator,” New J. Phys. 16(5), 1–2 (2014).

Qiao, L.

J. Lin, Y. Xu, J. Ni, M. Wang, Z. Fang, L. Qiao, W. Fang, and Y. Cheng, “Phase-matched second-harmonic generation in an on-chip LiNbO3 microresonator,” Phys. Rev. Appl. 6(1), 014002 (2016).
[Crossref]

J. Lin, Y. Xu, Z. Fang, M. Wang, J. Song, N. Wang, L. Qiao, W. Fang, and Y. Cheng, “Fabrication of high-Q lithium niobate microresonators using femtosecond laser micromachining,” Sci. Rep. 5, 8072 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Rogers, S.

Sasagawa, K.

K. Sasagawa and M. Tsuchiya, “Highly efficient third harmonic generation in a periodically poled MgO: LiNbO3 disk resonator,” Appl. Phys. Express 2, 122401 (2009).
[Crossref]

Savchenkov, A. A.

V. S. Ilchenko, A. A. Savchenkov, A. B. Matsko, and L. Maleki, “Nonlinear optics and crystalline whispering gallery mode cavities,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 92(4), 043903 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Schiller, A.

Schlarb, U.

U. Schlarb and K. Betzler, “Influence of the defect structure on the refractive indices of undoped and Mg-doped lithium niobate,” Phys. Rev. B 50(2), 751–757 (1994).
[Crossref]

Song, J.

J. Lin, Y. Xu, Z. Fang, M. Wang, J. Song, N. Wang, L. Qiao, W. Fang, and Y. Cheng, “Fabrication of high-Q lithium niobate microresonators using femtosecond laser micromachining,” Sci. Rep. 5, 8072 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Stark, P.

Steigerwald, H.

T. Beckmann, H. Linnenbank, H. Steigerwald, B. Sturman, D. Haertle, K. Buse, and I. Breunig, “Highly tunable low-threshold optical parametric oscillation in radially poled whispering gallery resonators,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 106(14), 143903 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Strekalov, D. V.

D. V. Strekalov, A. S. Kowligy, V. G. Velev, G. S. Kanter, P. Kumar, and Y. Huang, “Phase matching for the optical frequency conversion processes in whispering gallery mode resonators,” J. Mod. Opt. 63(1), 1–14 (2016).
[Crossref]

J. U. Furst, D. V. Strekalov, D. Elser, A. Aiello, U. L. Andersen, C. Marquardt, and G. Leuchs, “Low-threshold optical parametric oscillations in a whispering gallery mode resonator,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 105(26), 263904 (2010).
[Crossref]

J. U. Furst, D. V. Strekalov, D. Elser, M. Lassen, U. L. Andersen, C. Marquardt, and G. Leuchs, “Naturally phase-matched second-harmonic generation in a whispering-gallery-mode resonator,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104(15), 153901 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Sturman, B.

T. Beckmann, H. Linnenbank, H. Steigerwald, B. Sturman, D. Haertle, K. Buse, and I. Breunig, “Highly tunable low-threshold optical parametric oscillation in radially poled whispering gallery resonators,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 106(14), 143903 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Tsuchiya, M.

K. Sasagawa and M. Tsuchiya, “Highly efficient third harmonic generation in a periodically poled MgO: LiNbO3 disk resonator,” Appl. Phys. Express 2, 122401 (2009).
[Crossref]

Velev, V. G.

D. V. Strekalov, A. S. Kowligy, V. G. Velev, G. S. Kanter, P. Kumar, and Y. Huang, “Phase matching for the optical frequency conversion processes in whispering gallery mode resonators,” J. Mod. Opt. 63(1), 1–14 (2016).
[Crossref]

Venkataraman, V.

Waasem, N.

Wan, S.

Wang, C.

Wang, J.

Wang, M.

J. Lin, Y. Xu, J. Ni, M. Wang, Z. Fang, L. Qiao, W. Fang, and Y. Cheng, “Phase-matched second-harmonic generation in an on-chip LiNbO3 microresonator,” Phys. Rev. Appl. 6(1), 014002 (2016).
[Crossref]

J. Lin, Y. Xu, Z. Fang, M. Wang, J. Song, N. Wang, L. Qiao, W. Fang, and Y. Cheng, “Fabrication of high-Q lithium niobate microresonators using femtosecond laser micromachining,” Sci. Rep. 5, 8072 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Wang, N.

J. Lin, Y. Xu, Z. Fang, M. Wang, J. Song, N. Wang, L. Qiao, W. Fang, and Y. Cheng, “Fabrication of high-Q lithium niobate microresonators using femtosecond laser micromachining,” Sci. Rep. 5, 8072 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Xu, J.

Xu, Y.

J. Lin, Y. Xu, J. Ni, M. Wang, Z. Fang, L. Qiao, W. Fang, and Y. Cheng, “Phase-matched second-harmonic generation in an on-chip LiNbO3 microresonator,” Phys. Rev. Appl. 6(1), 014002 (2016).
[Crossref]

J. Lin, Y. Xu, Z. Fang, M. Wang, J. Song, N. Wang, L. Qiao, W. Fang, and Y. Cheng, “Fabrication of high-Q lithium niobate microresonators using femtosecond laser micromachining,” Sci. Rep. 5, 8072 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Yu-Ping, H.

V. S. Dmitry, S. K. Abijith, H. Yu-Ping, and K. Prem, “Optical sum-frequency generation in a whispering-gallery-mode resonator,” New J. Phys. 16(5), 1–2 (2014).

Zhang, G.

Zheng, Y.

Appl. Phys. Express (1)

K. Sasagawa and M. Tsuchiya, “Highly efficient third harmonic generation in a periodically poled MgO: LiNbO3 disk resonator,” Appl. Phys. Express 2, 122401 (2009).
[Crossref]

IEEE. J. Sel. Top. Quant. (1)

M. L. Gorodetsky and A. E. Fomin, “Geometrical theory of whispering-gallery modes,” IEEE. J. Sel. Top. Quant. 12(1), 33–39 (2005).
[Crossref]

J. Mod. Opt. (1)

D. V. Strekalov, A. S. Kowligy, V. G. Velev, G. S. Kanter, P. Kumar, and Y. Huang, “Phase matching for the optical frequency conversion processes in whispering gallery mode resonators,” J. Mod. Opt. 63(1), 1–14 (2016).
[Crossref]

New J. Phys. (1)

V. S. Dmitry, S. K. Abijith, H. Yu-Ping, and K. Prem, “Optical sum-frequency generation in a whispering-gallery-mode resonator,” New J. Phys. 16(5), 1–2 (2014).

Opt. Express (5)

Opt. Lett. (1)

Photon. Res. (1)

Phys. Rev. Appl. (1)

J. Lin, Y. Xu, J. Ni, M. Wang, Z. Fang, L. Qiao, W. Fang, and Y. Cheng, “Phase-matched second-harmonic generation in an on-chip LiNbO3 microresonator,” Phys. Rev. Appl. 6(1), 014002 (2016).
[Crossref]

Phys. Rev. B (1)

U. Schlarb and K. Betzler, “Influence of the defect structure on the refractive indices of undoped and Mg-doped lithium niobate,” Phys. Rev. B 50(2), 751–757 (1994).
[Crossref]

Phys. Rev. Lett. (4)

V. S. Ilchenko, A. A. Savchenkov, A. B. Matsko, and L. Maleki, “Nonlinear optics and crystalline whispering gallery mode cavities,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 92(4), 043903 (2004).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. U. Furst, D. V. Strekalov, D. Elser, M. Lassen, U. L. Andersen, C. Marquardt, and G. Leuchs, “Naturally phase-matched second-harmonic generation in a whispering-gallery-mode resonator,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 104(15), 153901 (2010).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

J. U. Furst, D. V. Strekalov, D. Elser, A. Aiello, U. L. Andersen, C. Marquardt, and G. Leuchs, “Low-threshold optical parametric oscillations in a whispering gallery mode resonator,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 105(26), 263904 (2010).
[Crossref]

T. Beckmann, H. Linnenbank, H. Steigerwald, B. Sturman, D. Haertle, K. Buse, and I. Breunig, “Highly tunable low-threshold optical parametric oscillation in radially poled whispering gallery resonators,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 106(14), 143903 (2011).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Sci. Rep. (1)

J. Lin, Y. Xu, Z. Fang, M. Wang, J. Song, N. Wang, L. Qiao, W. Fang, and Y. Cheng, “Fabrication of high-Q lithium niobate microresonators using femtosecond laser micromachining,” Sci. Rep. 5, 8072 (2015).
[Crossref] [PubMed]

Other (1)

J. Moore, J. K. Douglas, I. W. Frank, T. A. Friedmann, R. Camacho, and M. Eichenfield, “Efficient Second Harmonic Generation in Lithium Niobate on Insulator,” in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, OSA Technical Digest) (Optical Society of America, 2016), paper STh3P.1.
[Crossref]

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Figures (5)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1 Characteristics of a lithium niobate ellipsoidal microcavity. (a) Side view of the microcavity. R is the cavity radius and ρ is the radius of edge curvature. (c) Typical modes calculated by COMSOL in an ellipsoidal microcavity. q stands for radial quantum number indicating the number of energy maximum values in the radial direction.

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 Temperature dependence of signal or idler wavelengths in lithium niobate microcavities of various shapes. (a) Dependence of wavelengths on temperature in microcavities with various radii ρ of curvature. The curve was calculated by fixing R as 60 μm. (b) Similar results to (a) for different resonator radii R. Calculation parameter ρ = 1100 nm.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 Wavelength temperature tuning curve for different pump wavelengths. Calculation parameters to define the geometry of LN microcavities: R = 60 μm, ρ = 1100 nm.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 Wavelengths versus temperature for OPOs associated with whispering gallery modes of various radial mode numbers. (a) Tuning curves for OPOs from fundamental or high-order mode to fundamental modes. (b) The results for OPOs from high order modes to a fundamental mode and a high-order mode. Calculation parameters are the same as Fig. 3.

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5 Dispersion properties of the fundamental WGM corresponding to the idler(signal) in an elliptical LN microcavity with a 60-μm R and a 1-μm ρ. (a) Effective refractive index versus wavelength. (b) The derivative of (a).

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Equations (4)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

ν ( m , q , l ) = c 2 π n R [ l + α q ( l 2 ) 1 3 + p ( R ρ − 1 ) − χ n n 2 − 1 + 1 2 R ρ ] ,
2 π n eff R = m λ ,
ν p = ν s + ν i ,
m p = m s + m i ,     p p ≤ p s + p i ,     p p + p s + p i = 0 , 2 , 4 , ⋯

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